Improvement in vapor-burners



H. WELLINGTON. Vapor-Burner.

,x No. 214,333.- Patented April 15, 1879*.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

HENRY WELLINGTON, OF GREEN POINT, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN VAPOR-BURNERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N0. 214,333, dated April15, 1879,' application filed March 3, 1879.

To all rwhom fit may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY WELLINGTON, of Green Point, county of Kings,and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Vapor-Burners, of which the following is a full, clear, and e'Xactdescription, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and tothe letters of reference marked thereon.

Figure 1 'is an axial section of my improved vapor-burner, and Fig. 2 aside elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is an elevation of a detached top piecemade with imperforate walls ;v and Fig. 4 is a horizontal section atlinew x of Fig. 1, showing the location of drip-orifices in the base ofthe expansion-chamber.

Like letters in all the gures indicate corresponding parts.

My improvements have special relation to that class of burners whereinthe gas is generated at or near the point of combustion,

and now ordinarily denominated vapor-burners,7 and particularly to thatspecies ot' vapor-burners intended for heating purposes, as for cookingand the like.

The invention consists essentially in certain novel and usefulcombinations or arrangements of parts calculated to increase theefficiency of the burner as a heater, simplify and improve the generalconstruction, render the burner comparatively noiseless, and to betteradapt it for general household use than are the most prominent burnersof its class.

The particular arrangements, constructions, and combinations adopted forthe purpose of accomplishing these objects will be hereinafter firstfully described, and then pointed out in the claims.

B is the socket of the burner, screw-threaded to receive thepacking-tube A, which receives its supply of oil or fluid from anelevated tank connected therewith after any approved manner, and underany approved arrangement of conducting-pipes-as, for instance, such asare shown in many of the well-known gasolinestoves.

The socket 'B, as will be observed, is cast with and made a part of thebase of the expansion-chamber, a comparatively thick connecting-wallbeing located between the two for the purpose of better conducting theheat from the iiame to the generating-chamber, which latter chamber is,in this case, the upper part of the socket B. Upon one side of socket B,and cast therewith, is an enlargement, C, which affords the valve-seatand the screw-threaded branch necessary for supporting the upper part ofthe valve-stem. In order to connect the valve-seat, which is in fact thejet-orifice for the generated gas, with the generatingchamber, I drill anarrow opening through from the exterior of the enlargement C to theinterior of socket B, and then plug up the outer perforation, as plainlyshown in Fig. 1.

The valve-stem D is made sufficiently long to be convenient of accesswhen the burner is properly located in the stove, and it is providedwith the ordinary hand-wheel E at bottom.

The screw-threaded socket for the valvestem is located very near to thesocket B, so as to economize the heating lproperties of the burner atthe valve-seat as much as possible, and under this arrangement thedrip-cup F is jammed up at one side, so thatfit will it in between thelower part of the enlargement and the vertical wall of the packing-tubeA when the latter is screwed in place.-

The horizontal perforation connecting the valve-seat with thegenerating-chamber is 1ocated at a distance below the top of saidchamber, so as to aord a considerable space for generation of the gas,whileat the same time the compact or closel y-arran ged parts are placedas near to each other as convenience of construction will permit.

By casting the valve-seat upon the socket I am enabled to dispense withthe necessary tting of this socket to a cap-piece upon the packing-tube,as shown in one of my previous patents, and also with the necessity ofmaking a guiding-stud for the burner and a separate and distinctvalve-seat. Aside from these considerations of cost and diiculty ofconstruction, the improved burner has many advantages over previousstyles in the matter of heat-conductin g properties, so that in thepresent form the fluid is converted into vapor for burning more easily,rapidly, and thoroughly than in that class of burners wherein theheatconductors are made in two or more parts.

G is the wall of the expansion-chamber, also cast with socketB and withthe bottom plate, g. From plate g rises thc central tube, ll, open attop and bottom, and cast with or as a part of plate g. This tube H islocated directly over the gasiet orilioe and centrally with reference tothe expansion-chamber, and it forms the mixing-chamber for the air andgas after the well-known manner ot' operation of vaporburuers whereinajet of gas induces an inward iiow of a current of air. The upper partof Wall Gr is centrally perforated and screw-threaded to receive thecap-piece K, which is in the form of a short tube closed at top, asplainly shown. The tube H projects well up into this cap-piece, formingan annular chamber around about the top of tube H, and a second butgreatlyenlarged chamber around its base.

As shown in Fig. 1, the cap Kis perforated to form orifices for theemission of gas similar to those in the main part of the burner G. lVhenthis burner is lighted the air and gas are thoroughly mixed in tube H,driven forcibly against the top plate of K and into the adjacentchamber, from whence a portion escapes at the upper oritices, and agreater portion expands downwardly, fills chamber G, and escapes at thelower or principal row of perforations. The expansion ofthe gases isaugmented by the heat produced at the region of the upper perforations,and still more angmented by that at the lower and more numerousperforations in the burner; and the two chambers combine to produce aspace wherein such gases as are confined may operate as an elasticcushion for the incoming gases, thus insuring a steady and uniformtlame; and the heat-conducting properties of the solid parts of theburner, owing to their near relative location and their generalarrangement, as well as the material ot' which they are composed,(castbrass,) are such as to insure the desired easy and thoroughgeneration of gas, as well as the maintenance of a thorough union of gasand air, by reason ot' which the best heating qualities ofthe burner areattainable.

The tube H should be carefully graduated in height to correspond withthe height of cap K, as well as the general size of the burner. Thedistance between its top and the top of cap K for a burner of the sizerepresented in the drawings should be about as shown Fig. 1, and forother burners this distance can only be regulated by experiment, beingeasily varied by cutting away the extremity of tube H and to facilitatethis cutting it will be observed that tube H is made to project throughthe circular opening in the top of wall or chamber Gr. The cuttingshould cease whenever the burners fail to blow or make that ringingdisagreeable sound common to most burners of this class.

The bottom plate, g, is inclined downwardly toward its central point, byreason of which inclination any sediment or condensed matter which maytind its way into chamber G will settle toward the central point, andmay be withdrawn or nd an easy outlet through the perforations a a a,which are so located as that anything passing therethrough will find itsway into the drip-cup F. By this means the chamber Gr is keptfree andclear of sediment or condensed mat-ter, and the drip-cup made to retainsuch foreign matter, so that the burner is maintained clean and inproper workin g condition at all times.

For some uses of the burner the upper row of perforations is notdesirable-as, for instance, in my improved gasoline-range, wherein oneof the burners is employed for heating a coil of water-pipe whichsurrounds it. For such purposes I provide a cap with solid walls K', asin Fig. 3. This cap may be made to replace the one indicated in Fig. 1,and its operation and purposes are similar to those of cap K, with theexception that it has no gasjet orifices.

To further increase the heatconducting properties of the burner, I castwith the socket B and enlargement C a tlange or Wing, J, one upon eachside of tue valve seat. This operates to afford an increased quantity ofmetal in the region of the perforation leading from thegenerating-chamber to the gas-critico, whereby the gas at this point,instead of becoming cooled as it tlows from the generatingchamber, ismaintained at a high degree of heat. These flanges or wings J serve thefurther very useful purposes of stii'ening the connection between thevalve-stem socket and the main part of the burner, by reason of whichthe valve-seat and its surrounding parts are made more rigid and lesslikely to yield from undue pressure, and of directing any foreignmatters which may be collected thereupon down into the drip-cup.

The burner is, of course, lighted and regulated as are all other burnersof its class. When constructed in accordance with the foregoingdescription its several parts are very simple to construct, are easilyaccessible for cleaning, not liable to derangement or to get out oforder., and may be easily understood, controlled, and operated by anyordinary person. Withal the burner is found, in practice, to giveexcellent results both as to heating qualities and economy in theconsumption of liquid fuel.

The same general principles of construction and operation may be appliedto the production of a burner for illuminating purposes, it beingobserved, as is well known, that a smaller volume of air is required t0be induced by the gas-jet, and the orilices in the walls of theexpansionchamber would naturally be made smaller for a lighter than fora heater. It would therefore be only necessary to reduce the scale ofparts in order to form the desired illuminator.

Having thus fully described my invention, what 1 claim as new, anddesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a vapor-burner, the combination of the annular expansion-chamberand the removable cap-piece,madehollow and surrounding the upperextremity of the mixing-tube, which extends nearly to its top, formingthereby a secondary expansion-chamber above the first, said cap-piecebeing made with perforate or imperforate walls, andthe whole beingarranged substantially as shown and described.

2. In combination with the generatingsocket, the enlargement- C, casttherewith, and perforated to form the connectingchannel, the valve-seat,and the support for the valve-stem, substantially as shown anddescribed.

3. In a vapor-burner having the generating-socket and the enlargementwhich supports the valve cast therewith, the stiening walls or wings J,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. In a vapor-burner, the combination of the HENRY WELLINGTON. lL.

Witnesses WORTH OsGooD, S. W. HoLcoMB.

